Editorial
Surgery
Murtadha Almusafer
Abstract
This is a main conventional surgical procedure with making a large incision to replace or repair tissue or an organ in the body. The surgeon may make an incision of up to ten inches to allow access to the organ.What Is Laparoscopic Surgery?Also known as keyhole surgery, Band-Aid surgery, diagnostic laparoscopy, ...
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This is a main conventional surgical procedure with making a large incision to replace or repair tissue or an organ in the body. The surgeon may make an incision of up to ten inches to allow access to the organ.What Is Laparoscopic Surgery?Also known as keyhole surgery, Band-Aid surgery, diagnostic laparoscopy, and minimally invasive surgery. Laparoscopy is a surgery that is initiated by a small incisor. The biggest benefit of laparoscopic surgery is that it is minimally invasive and therefore less painful. It is typically used for diagnosis and treatment. They heal faster and do not leave big scars too. Because the incisions are small, a lot of blood lose will be unlikely during the procedure.
Original Article
Urosurgery
SUNIL SATIHAL; Sandeep Kumar Reddy; Ifrah Ahmad Qazi; RAHUL DEVRAJ; DHEERAJ SSS
Abstract
Background: Kidney transplantation gives the best quality of life to chronic kidney disease patients and also increases longevity. Aim: Analysis of factors responsible for the early and delayed graft functioning in live and cadaver renal transplantsMethods: It was a retrospective observational study. ...
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Background: Kidney transplantation gives the best quality of life to chronic kidney disease patients and also increases longevity. Aim: Analysis of factors responsible for the early and delayed graft functioning in live and cadaver renal transplantsMethods: It was a retrospective observational study. Donor and recipient age, sex, BMI, comorbid illness, and functioning status of the donor kidney, duration and severity of chronic kidney disease and associated bladder disorders were collected. Operative factors like perfusion time, cold ischemia time, blood pressure fall, need for blood transfusion, vasopressor support was recorded. Patients were divided into two groups based on early versus delayed graft function.Results: 27 cases of Live donor renal transplant and 23 cadaver transplants were included. The average age in live donor and cadaveric transplants was 43.5 ±7.6 years and 38.3 ±10.5 years, respectively. 24 Live Transplant Recipients had Early Graft function (89%). Seven Cadaveric Transplant Recipients had Early Graft function (31%) and 16 of them had Delayed Graft Function (69%). HLA Mismatch, Perioperative Hypotension and BMI of recipient had statistically significant relationship to Early Graft Function with p values of 0.02, 0.004 and 0.007, respectively. With p-value of 0.021 and of 0.046, respectively, perioperative hypotension and cold ischemic time in Cadaveric renal transplantation had statistically significant relationship to Early Graft Function.Conclusion: Live donor transplants have better early graft function. HLA Mismatch, Perioperative Hypotension, BMI of recipient and cold ischemic time in Cadaveric renal transplantation are the predictors of early graft function.
Original Article
Surgery
Kasim Obaid Hussein Ali; Karima Akool Al Salihi; Khatereh Khorsandi
Abstract
Background : Globally, Diabetes Mellitus is a common health problem that occurs as a systemic disease affecting vascular, nervous, skeletal, immune, and integumentary systems.The aim: This study aim and intends to evaluate and highlight on the management outcome of diabetic foot in AL-Hussein Teaching ...
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Background : Globally, Diabetes Mellitus is a common health problem that occurs as a systemic disease affecting vascular, nervous, skeletal, immune, and integumentary systems.The aim: This study aim and intends to evaluate and highlight on the management outcome of diabetic foot in AL-Hussein Teaching Hospital – Samawa / AL-Muthanna province and determine the risk factors adversely affecting the treatment prognosis.Patient and Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU) ulcer were included in this study. The lesions were managed by removing dead tissue, triple antibiotic therapy, avoiding weight bearing, and proper diabetes control.Results:According to gender, the percentage of DF was 34 (68%) and 16 (32%) for males and females, respectively. Moreover, the results showed that 22 (44%) and 28 (56%) display type I and type II DM, respectively. Also, 23 out of 50 (46%) patients were poorly controlled, and ten of these cases (43%) underwent amputation. According to Wagner Grading System; the patient's grade percentages were 2%, 30%, 20%, 22%, 14%, and 12 % for Grade 0, Grade I, Grade II, Grade III, Grade IV, and Grade V, respectively. All non-responded patients were those treated at home, had poor cooperation, neglect, and out-patient follow-up refusal and were subjected to amputation. The poorly controlled or uncontrolled DM, Ischemic heart disease (IHD), leukocytosis, anemia, impalpable dorsalis pedis pulse/s, smoking, neuropathy, patient's neglection and traditional home treatment were the common factors that revealed significant adverse effects on conservative treatment. While hyperglycemia, hypertension and site of management (surgical, orthopedic, out-patient or emergency departments) factors that revealed less or non-significant adverse effects on conservative treatment.In conclusion, this study showed that type II DM was the most diabetic foot lesion. The study also approved that most patients were poorly controlled DM that ended with amputation, and most patients presented with Wagner's grade I.
Original Article
Gyneacology
Ghufran Al-Sereah; Hadeel Hamid
Abstract
Background : sexual disorder is very common after delivery and it's rate is still under researches . the purpose of this study is to compare the effect of vaginal delivery versus caesarean section (C\S) on sexual function Patients: retrospective study have been done at AL Jenainah and Al Rebat Antenatal ...
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Background : sexual disorder is very common after delivery and it's rate is still under researches . the purpose of this study is to compare the effect of vaginal delivery versus caesarean section (C\S) on sexual function Patients: retrospective study have been done at AL Jenainah and Al Rebat Antenatal care clinic in Basrah over a period of six months (10th May -10th November 2016 ) . 100 participant answered questionnaires (6 months after delivery) were included in this study Results :56women delivered vaginally with episiotomy and 44 delivered by caesarean section. mean age is 28 years, all of them primiparous patients (had only one child).80.4% who delivered vaginally and 72.7% who delivered by c\s were housewives ,44.6% (25 women), 30.4% (17 women) who delivered vaginally were finished secondary and high education respectively, while 31.8% (14women) , 38.6% (17women) who delivered by c\s were finished secondary and high education respectively .Out of the women only orgasm and satisfaction appear to be in high association with mode of delivery with p-value (0.000, 0.002) respectively.Conclusion: although our result showed strong association between orgasm and satisfaction with mode of delivery still the other variables may be affected by other factors like breast feeding and contraception which are not taken in consideration in our study
Research Paper
Statistics
Dhuha Ahmed Farhan; Lamis Aziz Hameed
Abstract
Background: Body weight and its perception are important aspects of health and constitute a significant role in physical and mental well-being. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of body weight misperception among adult females in Basrah city and to show the main determinants that affect their weights, ...
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Background: Body weight and its perception are important aspects of health and constitute a significant role in physical and mental well-being. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of body weight misperception among adult females in Basrah city and to show the main determinants that affect their weights, perception. Settings and design: This is a cross–sectional study conducted during the period from the 2nd of January to the 1st of December 2020 on a sample of adult females who attended primary health care centers in the city center of Basrah Governorate/South of Iraq . 443 females were asked to participate in the study , 400 of them agreed and completed the interview, the remaining 43 either disagreed to participate in the study or do not complete the interview.Methods and materials: The researchers designed and used an interview questionnaire, all females who included in the study were interviewed , their weights and heights were measured. Results: The study results showed that about half of the studied females 211(52.7%) misperceived their body weights. The association between body weight misperception and age was highly significant (p=0.001), there is no significant association with the other studied characteristics. Conclusions :The study showed that approximately half of the studied females misperceived their body weight. Females tend to perceive their weights accurately as their ages increase. Highest percents of weight misconception are for obese females who misperceived themselves as overweight and then for underweight ones who misperceived their weights as normal. Recommendations: Comprehensive intervention programs for women could be devised to raise self-awareness of their weight status, to overcome weight misperception, and to prevent obesity and its related health risks.
Research Paper
Medicine
Bahzad Waso Hamad
Abstract
The Effect of vitamin D on Eradication of Helicobacter PyloriAbstract:Background: Helicobacter Pylori (H.Pylori) is a very common bacterium infecting nearly half of population worldwide. Its eradication is related to multiple factors including host immune state and treatment regimens. Sufficient Serum ...
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The Effect of vitamin D on Eradication of Helicobacter PyloriAbstract:Background: Helicobacter Pylori (H.Pylori) is a very common bacterium infecting nearly half of population worldwide. Its eradication is related to multiple factors including host immune state and treatment regimens. Sufficient Serum Vitamin D may be associated with H. Pylori and its eradication rate. The aim of this study is to find any association of serum Vitamin D and H.Pylori eradication success rate .Patients and methods: 40 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms were involved in the study who were infected with Pylori and their urea breath were over 50 count per minute .They were treated by Levofloxacin-based triple therapy for 14 days, with estimation of their serum vitamin D. Re-testing done after 8 weeks to assess the success rate of eradication. Results: There was no association between serum level of vitamin D level and success rate of eradication as p value was 0.111. The eradication success rate was 54%. Conclusion: No association was found between serum vitamin D level and the eradication success rate of H. Pylori. Key words: H. Pylori, Vitamin D, Eradication.
Original Article
Surgery
Shurooq Abdulkareem; Hadeel Mazin Akram
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction: Alveolar bone loss is a significant factor in the breakdown of tissues in periodontal disease. The condition compromises the structural integrity of alveolar bone by altering its microenvironment. Numerous molecular activities, such as Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), control the process.Aims: ...
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AbstractIntroduction: Alveolar bone loss is a significant factor in the breakdown of tissues in periodontal disease. The condition compromises the structural integrity of alveolar bone by altering its microenvironment. Numerous molecular activities, such as Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), control the process.Aims: This study aims to assess the level of salivary Alkaline Phosphatase with healthy gingiva on the reduced periodontium and compare them to their level in periodontitis patients.Materials and Methods: 75 participants, both male and female, who took part in this study had their salivary ALP assessed. There were three groups formed from the participants: the first group clinically healthy periodontium control group (n=15), second group consisted of generalized periodontitis stage II and III (n=30), and third group healthy gingiva on reduced periodontium (n=30). Each group systemically healthy. The entire unstimulated salivary samples were taken, and all subjects underwent a periodontal evaluation, which included the assessment of clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD, and CAL). The concentration of ALP in saliva is measured using the ELISA method.Results: A moderate positive significant correlation was found between ALP with CAL in periodontitis and positive weak significant correlation between ALP and CAL in excessive brushing group , as well as; the result revealed that The mean of salivary ALP was significantly lower in the control group(20.33IU/L) than both the periodontitis and the excessive brushing group, while between periodontitis(72.50 IU/L) and excessive brushing (68.73 IU/L) there was no significant difference.Conclusion: Healthy gingiva on reduced periodontium caused by excessive brushing is associated with high salivary levels of ALP.
Research Paper
Surgery
Ohood sami Leabi; Alaa H Abed; Ahmed Chyad Daway
Abstract
Thyroid hormones affect practically all organs in the body and control the organism's basal metabolism. The stomach and viscera are not spared, and thyroid dysfunction causes a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms, the true prevalence of which is unknown. Digestive symptoms or manifestations may also ...
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Thyroid hormones affect practically all organs in the body and control the organism's basal metabolism. The stomach and viscera are not spared, and thyroid dysfunction causes a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms, the true prevalence of which is unknown. Digestive symptoms or manifestations may also disclose thyroid disease clues, and if ignored or underestimated, diagnosis may be delayed, with dangerous consequences. Thyroid interactions with the gastrointestinal system have been widely recorded, however, there is no comprehensive report on the various effects of hypothyroidism in the literature. Although gastrointestinal motor dysfunction is largely acknowledged as the primary cause of symptoms, many complex phenomena remain unknown.Hemorrhoids are a prevalent gastrointestinal condition that is being identified in general health screenings. Many clinical signs, such as asymptomatic piles or rectal bleeding, have a negative impact on quality of life.High intra-abdominal pressure and a fragile supporting structure are also risk factors for hemorrhoids. Obesity, constipation, diarrhea, chronic or persistent cough, pregnancy or delivery, and prolonged standing are all circumstances that might raise intra-abdominal pressure. Hypothyroidism manifests itself in a variety of organs and tissues. Constipation is the most prevalent gastrointestinal complaint in individuals with hypothyroidism, which can lead to hemorrhoids. Recent research suggests that a thyroid hormone deficit causes the muscles that lining the digestive system to contract less forcefully. The accumulation of mucopolysaccharides, particularly hyaluronic acid, in the digestive tissue, which causes intestinal edema, is the most likely pathogenic cause. This decrease in motor activity lengthens the time that feces spend transiting through the digestive tract, allowing more water to be absorbed and finally leading to constipation that increases the intraluminal pressure, and causes compromisation of blood supply to the posterior anal wall and finally causes anal fissure.
Original Article
Surgery
Alla Ali Jan Miran; Hadeel Mazin Akram
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is caused by a microbial invasion and an inappropriate immunological reaction of the host One of the mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis is alterations in the local and/or general markers of oxidative stress. In order to defend themselves from the action of ...
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Introduction: Periodontitis is caused by a microbial invasion and an inappropriate immunological reaction of the host One of the mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis is alterations in the local and/or general markers of oxidative stress. In order to defend themselves from the action of oxygen-free radicals, Organisms that use oxygen in their cellular metabolism are supplied with defense systems. The term "the system's antioxidative barrier" is frequently used to describe them. superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the enzymatic antioxidants that preserves the cell against reactive oxygen species by removing superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide, Melatonin is natural hormone in the body with antioxidant effects.Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the salivary levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Melatonin in patients with localized periodontitis versus generalized periodontitis.Materials and Methods: Whole saliva samples were collected from 90 patients that divide into three groups: 35 generlized periodontitis , 35 localized periodontitis ,and 20 healthy subjects, Salivary samples were collected from patients prior to clinical examination, Then levels of (SOD) and melatonin in saliva were determined spectrophotometrically using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results : salivary levels of both SOD and MLT were highest in control group and decreased in Localized periodontitis and generalized periodontitis with lowest level in generalized periodontitis with significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Both localized and generlized periodontitis are associated with a decrease level of antioxidants.
Original Article
Urosurgery
Firas Shakir Attar; Majid Asgher Mohammed; Mohammad Sallama Mohammad
Abstract
Background: hypospadias is a congenital anomaly of the urethra that is seen increasingly in clinical practice. Distal hypospadias is the most common type of this anomaly and a variety of repairs had been used to correct the deformity. The tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIP) is one of the widely ...
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Background: hypospadias is a congenital anomaly of the urethra that is seen increasingly in clinical practice. Distal hypospadias is the most common type of this anomaly and a variety of repairs had been used to correct the deformity. The tubularized incised plate urethroplasty (TIP) is one of the widely used techniques for this purpose .The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of TIP repair in adolescents regarding sexual and voiding functions.Materials and methods: A retrospective study including 38 male patients aged 15-16 years was done in multicenter from 2003 to 2020.All the patients were having a distal type of hypospadias which was repaired by TIP repair at childhood. The patients were assessed for the presence of complications and for their voiding function. In addition, they were asked about the occurrence of normal ejaculation.Results: The mean age at surgery was 2.5 years .The study showed that 10 patients (26.3 %) gave a history of ejaculation with masturbation versus 28 (73.7 %) patients who denied the history of ejaculation. The results showed that urethrocutaneous fistula was seen in 4 patients (10.5 %).Three patients (7.9 %) had meatal stenosis, one patient (2.6 %) had urethral stenosis and another one (2.6%) had persistent chordee.Conclusion: Snodgrass (TIP) repair is considered as an appealing surgical technique for repair of distal type of hypospadias which accounts for the majority of hypospadias. It has very good results regarding the outcome of surgery even at the long term period.
Case Reports
Urosurgery
Samir Bouras; Soraya Ouhida; Malki Houssemeddine; popov Elenko; Noor NP Buchholz
Abstract
AbstractSolitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a spindle cell neoplasm of mesenchymal origin. First reported in 1931, the pleura is the most common localization of SFT, and it’s exceptionally rare in the kidney. Overall, it represents less than 2% of all soft tissue tumors. In most cases, renal SFT (rSFT) ...
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AbstractSolitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a spindle cell neoplasm of mesenchymal origin. First reported in 1931, the pleura is the most common localization of SFT, and it’s exceptionally rare in the kidney. Overall, it represents less than 2% of all soft tissue tumors. In most cases, renal SFT (rSFT) presents with hematuria, flank pain, and a palpable mass. To our knowledge, less than 112 cases of rSFT have been reported. We report a case of rSFT of a 30-year-old male thought to be a renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Radical nephrectomy (RN) was done to remove a large right-sided mass invading the inferior vena cava. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of SFT showing positivity for CD34, CD99, and Bcl-2 protein, with no staining for cytokeratin. A post-operative CT (15 months) showed tumor recurrence in the renal compartment with huge inferior vena cava thrombus extending to the external iliac veins. With this case, we illustrate and highlight the importance of this diagnosis because of the uncertain biological behavior and prognosis of these tumors.
Case Reports
Surgery
Bahzad Hamad
Abstract
Basidiobolomycosis of the colon is a very rare fungal infection disease. We report here primary colonic Basidiobolomycosis as the first female case in Iraq. A 48 years old Insulin dependent diabetic patient presented with abdominal pain , right side abdominal mass and weight loss for few months duration. ...
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Basidiobolomycosis of the colon is a very rare fungal infection disease. We report here primary colonic Basidiobolomycosis as the first female case in Iraq. A 48 years old Insulin dependent diabetic patient presented with abdominal pain , right side abdominal mass and weight loss for few months duration. CT scan revealed caecal wall thickening without intestinal obstruction. Colonoscopy revealed large fungative ulcerated mass in caecum but the mucosal biopsy was negative for malignancy and in favour of chronic inflammation .Laparotomy with right hemicolectomy and ilio-transverse anastomosis done. Histopathological examination of the excised specimen prove Basidiobolomycosis of colon for which she received 6 months course of oral Itraconazole . She recovered well from the disease with no sequela or recurrence .
Case Reports
Urosurgery
ERSHAD HUSSAIN GALETI; Karthikesh Omkaram; Gousia Begum Sowdagar
Abstract
Because paragangliomas of the urinary bladder are extremely rare and difficult to diagnose, histological evaluation is sometimes the sole leading indication for diagnosis. We present a case of an adult woman with paraganglioma of the urinary bladder who presented with a single episode of hematuria and ...
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Because paragangliomas of the urinary bladder are extremely rare and difficult to diagnose, histological evaluation is sometimes the sole leading indication for diagnosis. We present a case of an adult woman with paraganglioma of the urinary bladder who presented with a single episode of hematuria and severe hypertensive crisis during its transurethral resection and whose diagnosis was only confirmed after histological analysis of a transurethral resection specimen, which was later treated with open radical cystectomy and Studer Ileal orthotopic neobladder.
